Wired y los tres tipos de "libertad"
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Por Chris Anderson
There are at least three classes of free:
The first is the use of "free" as a marketing gimmick: "buy one, get one free", "free with purchase", "free phone if you commit to the two-year service plan", etc. All basically cross-subsidies or loss leaders--sooner or later you'll pay. I suspect that there isn't an industry that doesn't use this one way or another. There's no new economic model there and it's totally impossible to quantify, but arguably it touches every bit of the entire consumer economy itself, which is to say trillions of dollars a year. And thus it's a meaningless number. So I'll move on...
The second form of free is the "three-party market", which is to say the world of advertising-supported free media. That's most radio and broadcast television, most web media, and the proliferation of free print publications, from newspapers to "controlled circulation" magazines. For the top 100 US media firms alone, in 2006 radio and TV (not including cable) advertising revenues were $45 billion.
Online, almost all media companies make their offerings free and ad-supported, as do many non-media companies such as Google, so I'll include the entire online ad market in the "paying for content to be free to consumers" category. That's another $21-$25 billion. Free paper newspapers and magazine are probably a billion more, and there are no doubt some other smaller categories I'm omitting and a lot of independents not included in the numbers above. Let's call the total of offline and online ad-driven content and services $80-$100 billion.
Etiquetas: audiencias
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